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2023, № 107

UDC: 633.11(470.620)
GSNTI: 68.29.07

Corn hybrids yield structure formation features in the conditions of the steppe agrolandscape

The paper shows analysis of the scientific field studies data to determine the patterns of corn hybrids yield structure formation in the conditions of the steppe argolandscape, depending on the plant standing density on various fertilization backgrounds. The objects of research: the effect of fertilizers and standing density on the formation of the yield structure of the mid-early maize hybrids bred by Bayer OJSC. The subject of research DKS 3595, DKS 1, DKS 3789, DKS 3402, DKS 3969. The purpose of the research is to improve the corn hybrids growing technology of different early maturity, ensuring their maximum productivity by optimizing plant density at different levels of nutrition in the conditions of the flat agrolandscape of Western Ciscaucasia. It was revealed that the plant standing density influenced the formation of the corn grain yield structure. The number of rows of grains and grains in a row had varietal specificity and did not depend on the studied factors. The length of the cob, the average weight of the cob, the weight of the grain per cob, the weight of 1000 grains tended to increase with a lower standing density and fertilizer application. The yield of grain from the cob had the same patterns in all corn hybrids - it decreased with thickening of crops and increased with the application of mineral fertilizers - from 77.0% in the variant with a plant density of 75.0 thousand units/ha against an unfertilized background up to 84.1% in the variant with a plant density of 55.0 thousand pieces/ha against the background of organic fertilizers.
Keywords: Corn, hybrids, standing density, fertilizers, crop structure.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-107-97-102

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Authors:

1. Kravchenko Roman Viktorovich, DSc in Agriculture, professor, Head of the Department, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University".
2. Zantaria Astamur Mushnievich, post-graduate student, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University".