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2023, № 106

UDC: 631.43:631.87:632.91
GSNTI: 68.33.29, 68.37.13

The effectiveness of the use of biological products in protecting the agrocenosis of cabbage in the conditions of the mountainous zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

Information is given on the effectiveness of the use of biological products: Fitoverma, Lepidocide, chemical insecticide Gerold, Trichodermin, Rizoplan in the integrated protection system for early-ripening cabbage cultivar Ataman F and late-ripening cultivar Favorit F from Plutella xylostellak, Mamestra brassicae and Brevicoryne brassicae. Biological effectiveness of Fitoverm preparations k.e. (85.2%) and Lepidocid, s.k. (80.4%) against Plutella xylostellak on plantings of early ripe cabbage Ataman F was at the level of effectiveness of the chemical insecticide Gerold v.s.k. (87.0%). The average number of caterpillars of Plutella xylostella was 387 ind. /100 plants. The effectiveness of biopreparations Fitoverm k.e. and Lepidocide s.k. were sufficient for a protective effect against Mamestra brassicae and amounted to 85.3 and 88.2%, respectively. The maximum efficiency on the 10th accounting day was noted for the Herold preparation (0.15 l/ha) - 94.5%. Fitoverm can be considered the most promising environmentally friendly drug in the fight against Brevicoryne brassicae. It has been established that spraying with plant solutions increases air humidity, which contributes to the activation of the photosynthesis process. The highest yield of 30.6 t/ha was achieved by spraying vegetative cabbage plants with a mixture of 0.25% Trichodermin suspension. An increase in yield by 10.2 t/ha was noted, i.e. by 50% compared to the control. As a result of individual application of 0.5% suspension of Trichodermin, an increase in the yield of cabbage by 8.6 t/ha was established, and when using its mixture with 0.1% suspension of Rizoplan, by 1.7 t/ha. Efficiency of Fitoverma k.e. against Brevicoryne brassicae was 100%. With the inclusion of biological agents in the complex of protection against pests and diseases, the profitability of growing early-ripening cabbage Ataman F increased by 75%, and medium-late cabbage Favorit F by 58%.
Keywords: Biologization, cabbage, pests, protection, biological products, efficiency, productivity.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-106-261-265

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Authors:

1. Kurzhiev Khasanbi Gidovich, PhD in Agriculture sciences, Head of the branch, FSFI "Rosselkhoznadzor" in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic.
2. Khazhmetov Luan Mukhazhevich, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, FSFEI HE "V.M. Kokov Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University".
3. Shekikhachev Yuri Akhmetkhanovich, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, FSFEI HE "V.M. Kokov Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University".