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2023, № 106

UDC: 634.232:631.541.11:631.524.7
GSNTI: 68.35.03

Influence of the clone rootstock on the qualitative characteristics of Alexandria sweet cherry trees

The Magalebskaia cherry forms isolated on the basis of high rooting are being studied as a clonal rootstock for the Alexandria sweet cherry variety. According to the results of the test, the difference in the duration of the period of deep dormancy, the beginning and duration of the flowering phase, the beginning of fruit ripening was established in trees of this variety. The dependence of these parameters on the geographical origin of these rootstock forms is noted. The greatest adaptability to growing conditions was shown by cherry trees grafted onto rootstock forms obtained in the conditions of the Rostov Region and the Krasnodar Region. The influence of the rootstock form on the quality of the fruit (density, size, simultaneity of ripening, the amount of sugars in fruits) has been established. Different resistance to diseases of coccomycosis and clasterosporiasis of trees of the Alexandria variety on different rootstocks has been established. It was revealed that the trees on the rootstocks of Chufut Kale, Kamensk 16, A 74-8, Ant x v.st. 2-77-2, Kamensk 18, RULAN 8, Ant 1220 and Geghard show resistance to coccomycosis: the defeat of these trees in the epiphytotic year was 1 point. With heavy rainfall in 2021 over 70 mm during the month, rootstock forms were identified that contribute to less fruit cracking. Less than 10% for the rootstock Ant C 36, 10-20% - Kamensk 18, Kamensk 16 and the form from the village. Borisovo, Volgograd region No. 13. According to the results of the test, the form of antipka (Kamensk 18), transferred as a rootstock for sweet cherries, common cherries and dukas - Bastion stood out for early maturity, disease resistance, high adaptability to growing conditions, and medium growth vigor.
Keywords: Sweet cherry, rootstock, P. mahaleb cherry, fruit quality, adaptability.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-106-232-237

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Authors:

1. Eremina Oksana Viktorovna, DSc in Agriculture, leading scientific researcher, Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR, N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources.
2. Sivopliasov Valery Ivanovich, postgraduate, LLC "Agrofirma "Krasny Sad".
3. Eremin Valery Viktorovich, student, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University”.