<<<  Back

2023, № 109

UDC: 636.39.034.575.174.015.3
GSNTI: 68.39.13,68.39.33,34.23.59

The influence of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin genes on alpine goats’ milk productivity

The article presents the results of studying the polymorphism of the β-LG (β-lactoglobulin) and LALBA (α-lactalbumin) genes and their influence on milk productivity in Alpine goats. Allelic polymorphism was analyzed using the PCR-RFLP method, and the milk composition was analyzed using a multiparameter automatic milk analyzer, CombiFoss 7 (Denmark). It was found that the most frequently detected genotypes in the β-LG and LALBA genes were AB and A1A1, and the least frequently detected genotypes were AA and A1A2. The distribution of β-LG genotypes frequencies corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, while a significant deficiency of heterozygotes and an excess of homozygotes A1A1 and A2A2 were found in the LALBA gene. Animals with the genotypes β-LGBB and LALBAA2A2 significantly surpassed the carriers of the β-LGAA and LALBAA2A2 genotypes in milk content of protein, casein, fat, mono-unsaturated and saturated fatty acids. The differences ranged from 10.6% to 41.9% (p<0.05… 0.001). Regarding milk yield and a lower somatic cell count, animals with the β-LGAA genotype significantly outperformed animals with the β-LGBB genotype by 72.82 kg or 11.3% (p<0.001). To increase the volume of milk production, animals with the compound genotype β-LGAA/LALBAA1A1 are recommended, while for cheese production, β-LGBB/LALBAA2A2 genotype is preferred. The work was carried out on "Biotechnological methods of reproduction and genomic technologies in the breeding of farm animals and the conservation of the gene pool of small breeds" within the "Scientific and technological frontiers" project under the "Priority 2030" program.
Keywords: Goats, alpine breed, lactoglobulin gene, lactalbumin gene, milk component composition, milk productivity.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-109-199-205

References:

1. Боровик, Т. Э. К вопросу о возможности использования козьего молока и адаптированных смесей на его основе в детском питании / Т. Э. Боровик, Н. Н. Семенова, О. Л. Лукоянова, Н. Г. Звонкова, В. А. Скворцова, И. Н. Захарова, Т. Н. Степанова // Вопросы современной педиатрии. - 2013. - № 1. - Том 12. - С. 8-16.
2. Хайруллина, Г. Ф. Состояние и перспективы развития молочного козоводства / Г. Ф. Хайруллина, М. К. Гайнуллина // Ученые записки Казанской государственной академии ветеринарной медицины им. Н. Э. Баумана. - 2017. - Т. 231. - №. 3. - С. 147-149.
3. Ерохин, А. И. Динамика поголовья коз и производства козьего молока и мяса в мире и в России / А. И. Ерохин, Е. А. Карасев, С. А. Ерохин // Овцы, козы, шерстяное дело. - 2020. - № 4. - С. 22-25.
4. Шичкин, Г.И. Племенные ресурсы козоводства России / Г. И. Шичкин, Г. Ф. Сафина, В. В. Чернов, Л. Н. Григорян, Г. Н. Хмелевская, А. В. Равичева, Н. Г. Степанова // Ежегодник по племенной работе в овцеводстве и козоводстве в хозяйствах Российской Федерации (2021 год). Москва: ФГБНУ ВНИИплем, Лесные Поляны. - 2022. - С. 298-323.
5. Kumar, A. Polymorphism of beta-lactoglobulin gene in Indian goats and its effect on milk yield / A. Kumar, P. K. Rout, R. Roy // J Appl Genet. - 2006. - 47(1):49-53. - doi: 10.1007/BF03194598.
6. El-Hanafy, A. A. Allele mining in the caprine alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) gene of native Saudi origin / A. A. El-Hanafy, M. I. Qureshi, J. S. M. Sabir, M. Z. Mutwakil, H. A. M. I Ramadan, H. M. A. El-Ashmaoui, M. Abou-Alsoud, M. M. Ahmed // Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment. - 2016. - 30(6):1115-1121. - doi: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1224683.
7. Gharedaghi, L. Identification of novel SNP in caprine β-lactoglobulin gene / L. Gharedaghi, H. M. Shahrbabak, M. Sadeghi // J Genet. - 2016. - 95(3):485-90. - doi: 10.1007/s12041-016-0662-x.
8. Zidi, A. Genetic variation at the caprine lactalbumin, alpha (LALBA) gene and its association with milk lactose concentration / A. Zidi, E. Casas, M. Amills, J. Jordana, J. Carrizosa, B. Urrutia, J. M. Serradilla // Anim Genet. - 2014. - 45(4):612-3. - doi: 10.1111/age.12152.
9. Rahmatalla, S. A. Whey protein polymorphisms in Sudanese goat breeds / S. A. Rahmatalla, D. Arend, A. S. Ahmed, M. Reissmann, G. A. Brockmann // Trop Anim Health Prod. - 2020. - 52(3):1211-1222. - doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-02119-2.
10. Crisà, A. Identification of the complete coding cDNAs and expression analysis of B4GALT1, LALBA, ST3GAL5, ST6GAL1 in the colostrum and milk of the Garganica and Maltese goat breeds to reveal possible implications for oligosaccharide biosynthesis / A. Crisà, S. Claps, B. Moioli, C. Marchitelli // BMC Vet Res. - 2019. - 15(1):457. - doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-2206-0.
11. Chen, H. The effect of CSN1 S2, CSN3 and beta-lg genes on milk performance in Xinong Saanen dairy goat / H. Chen, X. Y. Lan, R. B. Li, C. Z. Lei, W. B. Sun, R. F. Zhang, Y. L. Zheng, B. C. Zhu // Yi Chuan Xue Bao. - 2005. - 32(8):804-10. PMID: 16231734.

Authors:

1. Selionova Marina Ivanovna, DSc in Biology, Professor, FSBEI HE “Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev”.
2. Zharkova Ekaterina Konstantinovna, researcher, assistant, FSBEI HE “Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev”.
3. Gladkikh Marianna Yurievna, PhD in Agriculture, associate professor, FSBEI HE “Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev”.
4. Glushchenko Marina Anatolievna, PhD in Biology, associate professor, FSBEI HE “Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev”.
5. Belomestnov Konstantin Andreevich, postgraduate, FSBEI HE “Stavropol State Agrarian University”.