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2023, № 106

UDC: 632.4.01+632.938.1
GSNTI: 34.31.35,68.37.31,68.37.07

Studying the expression of wheat microRNAs at the early stages of infection with the pathogenic fungi (Вerk.)

The phytopathogenic fungus Stagonospora nodorum causes great harm to wheat. There are no completely resistant wheat cultivars to S. nodorum, and the fight against this pathogen is complicated by the fact that the mechanism of resistance/susceptibility has not been fully elucidated. Recently, a lot of information has been accumulated on the important role of miRNAs in protecting plants from pathogens by reprogramming gene expression in immune responses. Changes in the expression of nine conserved wheat microRNAs (miR156, miR159, miR160, miR164, miR166, miR393, miR396, miR398, and miR408) during infection of the common spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) of the resistant cultivar Omskaya 35 and susceptible cultivar Kazakhstanskaya 10 with the S. nodorum SnB isolate were studied in order to detect microRNAs involved in the development of plant resistance to the pathogen. The development of large damage areas in the cv. Kazakhstanskaya 10 was accompanied by inhibition of hydrogen peroxide accumulation. On the contrary, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in the cv. Omskaya 35 at the initial stages of infection led to a significant inhibition of the pathogen growth and the development of minimal affected areas. An increase in the expression of all nine miRNAs was found in the resistant cv. Omskaya 35 in response to S. nodorum infection. Comparative analysis of miRNAs expression in two wheat cultivars contrasting in resistance to S. nodorum showed that the pathogen significantly suppressed the transcription of miR408, miR164, miR393, and miR396 after 6 hours of infection and reduced the expression of miR160 and miR166 after 24 hours of infection and miR159 after 72 hours of infection. It is concluded that miR408, miR164, miR393 and miR396 play an important role in the induction of primary defense reactions of wheat against S. nodorum, and miR160, miR159, and miR166 in the induction of later defense reactions of wheat against S. nodorum. It is assumed that miR408 and miR160 are associated with the regulation of redox status and the generation of reactive oxygen species in infected plants.
Keywords: Stagonospora nodorum, wheat, miRNA, reactive oxygen species, hormonal signaling pathways, resistance.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-106-284-291

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Authors:

1. Nuzhnaya Tatyana Vladimirovna, PhD in Biology, FSBSI “Ufa Institute of Biology Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian academy of sciences”.
2. Burhanova Guzel' Fanilevna, PhD in Biology, FSBSI “Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian academy of sciences”.
3. Veselova Svetlana Viktorovna, PhD in Biology, FSBSI “Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian academy of sciences”.
4. Shein Mihail Yur'evich, , FSBSI “Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian academy of sciences”.
5. Maksimov Igor Vladimirovich, DSc in Biology, Professor, FSBSI “Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian academy of sciences”.