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2023, № 106

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Growth and development of garden strawberry plants under water stress

Along with progress in the breeding of garden strawberry and agrotechnical tools aimed at increasing productivity and resistance to drought, the problem of crop losses remains relevant. At present, much attention is paid to the possibilities of using silicon-containing preparations obtained from renewable plant raw materials to increase plant resistance to adverse environmental factors, due to environmental friendliness and low cost. For the first time, on the example of garden strawberry plants of the cv. Solnechnaya polyanka, the results of studies of the effect of silicon chelates on the morphometric and physiological characteristics of plants with optimal moisture content of the soil substrate (50% of the total water capacity) and under conditions of moderate water stress (30% of the total water capacity) are presented. As a source of silicon chelates, 0.3 g/l of a mechanocomposite from rice husks and green tea waste was used. The mechanocomposite was obtained by processing raw materials by the solid-phase mechanochemical method (development of the Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk), leading to preparations (mechanocomposites) characterized by an increased concentration of chelated soluble forms of silicon. It was established that under the action of the mechanocomposite, the dry biomass of shoots (up to 20%), the content of chlorophyll a (up to 50%), the total content of chlorophyll a + b (up to 40%), the activity of superoxide dismutase (up to 50%) and peroxidase (up to 80%) increased, the content of hydrogen peroxide decreased (up to 30%), both under conditions of optimal moisture and moderate water stress. The results obtained can be used to increase the growth and adaptive potential of garden strawberry plants under conditions of water stress under the action of a mechanocomposite based on silicon chelates.
Keywords: Garden strawberry, silicon chelates, growth, plant development, water stress, photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide, redox enzymes.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-106-174-183

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Authors:

1. Ambros Elena Valeryevna, PhD in Biology, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "Central Siberian Botanical Garden" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
2. Kolyada Anna Alekseevna, research engineer, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "Central Siberian Botanical Garden" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
3. Panova Uliana Leonidovna, research engineer, Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "Central Siberian Botanical Garden" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.