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2023, № 105

UDC: 633.15:631.527
GSNTI: 68.35.29, 68.35.03

Variety testing of maize Lhybrids of domestic breeding for grain yield in the steppe zone of the Crimea

Crimean Peninsula is an arid zone; conditions for maize growing become less favourable. Under rainfed conditions, State Variety Testing of maize hybrids has not been carried out. Therefore, the study of domestic maize hybrids under rainfed conditions of the steppe zone of Crimea is an urgent issue. The aim of the conducted research was to study the productivity of zoned and experimental maize hybrids of domestic breeding. Experiments were carried out at the experimental fields of FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea” from 2016 to 2019 according to the Methodology for Conducting Field Experiments with Maize (1980). Soil of the experimental plot - chernozem southern low-humus. In 2016, Selyaninov Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) for the period April-September was 1.46; in 2017 - 0.34; in 2018 - 0.79; in 2019 - 0.78 (average long-term value for this period is 0.73). Seeds of maize hybrids of different maturity groups were received from scientific institutions of the Russian Federation: FSBSI “All-Russian Research Institute of Corn”, SSE “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, Innovative-Production Agricultural Company “Otbor OOO” (Limited Liability Company), Scientific and Production Association “Semenovodstvo Kubani”, FSBSI “V.V. Dokuchaev Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black-Earth Zone”, FSBSI “National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko”, Federal State Government-Funded Scientific Institution “Russian Research Design and Technology Institute of Sorghum and Corn”. In 2016, there were 25 hybrids in variety testing, in 2017 - 40, in 2018 - 66, in 2019 - 82. Grain yield of maize hybrids depended on moisture conditions and varied greatly over the years of research. In 2017 (weather conditions were characterized as severe drought), an average grain yield of 0.19 t/ha was obtained, in 2019 - 4.17 t/ha. The highest yield (5.56 t/ha) was obtained in 2019 from the mid-early experimental hybrid ‘DP 250-4’.
Keywords: Maize (Zea mays L.), hybrid, maturity group, grain yield, kernel moisture content at the harvest stage, rainfed conditions.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-105-284-287

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Authors:

1. Cherkashyna Anna Vladimirovna, PhD in Agriculture, FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”.
2. Sotchenko Elena Fedorovna, PhD in Biology, FSBSI “All-Russian Research Institute of Corn”.