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2023, № 105

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Asparagus vigna () resistance to low temperatures and pathogens in Siberia

In order to assess the resistance of asparagus vigna (Vigna unguiculata) accessions to low temperatures and pathogenic micromycetes at the stage of seed germination, seeds of 15 samples of domestic and foreign breeding were used. The seeds were germinated on filter paper (FP) and soil (S) at temperatures of 25, 14 and 12С, as well as by the cold test method at 1С + 25С. Microbiological analysis of the soil on the KDA medium showed the presence of Fusarium spp. in the amount of 290 CFU/g of soil. The trap method revealed the presence of Pythium Pringsh in the soil. Low temperature reduced the rate of seed germination: at 14℃ on the 5th day by 5.8 times, and on the 10th day twice as compared to the same period at 25℃. At 12℃, germination at day 10 averaged only about 10% of that at 25С. At 12С, accessions with a high germination rate on the 10th day were isolated: Zinder (53.3%), Gentle (40%), as well as Red-and-White and Fakir (13.3% each). The rate of invasion of the fungal microflora was initially slow, but on the 14th and 20th days it increased significantly, reaching almost a quarter (22-26%) of the seeds. The cold test showed a 60-66% damage of the seed accessions by soil microbiota both on FP and S. On FP, the intensity of the lesion was higher compared to the soil. Varieties distinguished by resistance to pathogenic micromycetes at the optimum (25С) temperature (Sibirskiy razmer, Fakir and Liliana) did not show the same resistance in the cold test. The intensity of damage by soil micromycetes did not depend on the degree of their cold resistance.
Keywords: Vigna, Vigna unguiculata, low temperature, seed germination, resistance, pathogenic micromycetes.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-105-251-255

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Authors:

1. Fotev Yury Valentinovich, PhD in Agriculture, senior scientist, associate professor, FGBUN "Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences"; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State Agrarian University".
2. Kazakova Olga Alexandrovna, PhD in Biology, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State Agrarian University".
3. Sun Jia Ping, postgraduate student, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Novosibirsk State University".