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2023, № 105

UDC: 633.11
GSNTI: 68.35.29

Photosynthetic activity and productivity of winter wheat-wheatgrass hybrids and trititrigia crops in the conditions of the Moscow Region

The problem of food security today contributes to the development of increased interest in the breeding of agricultural crops and their varieties characterized by ecological plasticity. So, in 2020, a new synthetic crop was registered - trititrigia, which is resistant to a number of mycoses, has a high bushiness and an increased content of protein and gluten in the grain. The article presents data on such an aspect of the biology of culture as the photosynthetic activity of its crops. In 2021, the number of leaves from 1017±239 (M12) to 2945±145 (Pamyati Lyubimovoy) pcs/ha was noted on the registered variety of trititrigia of Pamyati Lyubimovoy, as well as lines No. 3202 and M12; leaf area - from 4.7± 1.5 (M12) to 34.3±2.3 (No.3202) thousand m/ ha, and the values of photosynthetic potential - from 87.9 ± 34.9 (M12) to 366.5±19.5 (Pamyati Lyubimovoy) (thousand m ½ day)/ ha. The highest biological yield was 490.1±30.5 g/m (No. 3202), the lowest - 373.0±8.4 g/m (Pamyati Lyubimovoy). In 2022, the number of trititrigia leaves ranged from 1279±565 (M12) to 4927±230 (Pamyati Lyubimovoy) pcs/ha, the leaf areas were 48.8±6.1 and 6.7±2.9 thousand m/ha, respectively. The photosynthetic potential ranged from 257.7±55.2 (No. 3202) to 754.5±133.4 (Pamyati Lyubimovoy) (thousand m ½ day)/ha. The highest biological yield was observed in the Pamyati Lyubimovoy variety (693.1±29.7 g/m), the lowest - in No. 3202 (541.1±17.4 g/m). It is important to note that line No. 3202 was relatively stable over the years, which actualizes its further study. In this study, Rubezhnaya winter wheat was also studied, which, despite the low rates of photosynthetic activity, had a higher biological yield than trititrigia in both years.
Keywords: Trititrigia, leaf area, photosynthetic productivity, photosynthetic potential, yield.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-105-198-202

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Authors:

1. Kvitko Valeriya Evgenevna, junior researcher, FSBIS “Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of Russian Academy of Sciences”.
2. Shchuklina Olga Alexandrovna, PhD in Agriculture, senior researcher, FSBIS “Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of Russian Academy of Sciences”.
3. Alenicheva Anastasia Dmitrievna, junior researcher, FSBIS “Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of Russian Academy of Sciences”.