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2023, № 103

UDC: 619:578
GSNTI: 68.41.53

Histological examination of the liver and heart of the chickens with avian adenoviral inclusive body hepatitis

In modern conditions of industrial poultry farming, viral infections, which are characterized by a subclinical course, pose a serious danger. These infections include avian adenovirus inclusion body hepatitis, in which the percentage of deaths and culling of birds increases, and the quality of incubation eggs decreases. The causative agent of avian adenovirus hepatitis is a DNA-containing virus of the family Adenoviridae, the genus Aviadenovirus, in which there are 12 serotypes. These serotypes are divided into 2 groups: CELO (Chiken Emrio Lethal Orphan), GAL (Gallus Adeno-Like virus), the causative agent of egg drop syndrome (EDS-76) is separately isolated. GAL serotypes are the most common, they cause the development of inclusion body hepatitis. For the first time, viral hepatitis was described by Helmboldt C.F. in 1963, currently this disease is widespread everywhere. Broiler chickens 3-5 weeks old are most susceptible to adenovirus. The pathogenesis is poorly studied. Replication of the virus occurs in multipotent cells of the bone marrow, in liver cells, reticuloendothelial cells, then the pathogen dissimulates with blood throughout the body. Usually, viral hepatitis proceeds without pronounced symptoms. During a pathoanatomic autopsy, pathological changes are found in the liver, gallbladder, heart, kidneys, less often in the spleen, brain. Serological studies are used in laboratory diagnostics of avian adenovirus and molecular biological research method - PCR. Specific prevention of this infection consists in the use of inactivated and live avirulent vaccines. Histological examination of the liver and heart of chickens infected with adenovirus inclusive hepatitis was carried out, characteristic pathological changes in this infection were revealed.
Keywords: Аdenovirus, poultry, hepatitis, histology, diagnostics.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-103-206-210

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Authors:

1. Novichkova Elena Mikhailovna, graduate student, FSBSI "Federal Scientific Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K.I. Skryabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko RAS".