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2022, № 99

UDC: 636 32/38.082
GSNTI: 68.39.15

Dairy productivity of ewes in the selection of Kuban lincolns

Gene pool herd of long-wooled sheep of the Kuban factory type of the Lincoln breed (KL), is the only one in the Russian Federation, well adapted to the conditions of the hot climate of the Krasnodar Territory, the technology of year-round stationary keeping and the use of natural pastures. Sheep of the breeding herd of FSUE "Rassvet-Kuban" are characterized by high live weight exceeding the requirements for the elite class by 25%, fertility - by 20%, early maturation - by 16.0%, wool productivity - by 36.0%. The dominant transforming qualities of the breed were used when crossing and served as the basis for the creation of precocious mutton-wool breeds (Southern Meat, Tashlin, West Siberian), at the same time, selection by maternal qualities is not provided by the requirements for the breed. The article presents the results of studying the milk productivity of KL ewes of different ages from two to 6 years or from the first to 5th lactation with single and twin offspring. The physiological formation of the milk productivity of ewes depends on the level of feeding, especially during the last two months of pregnancy. On the 20th day of lactation, the ewes by live weight on the 20th day of lactation in the group with a single offspring exceed the requirements for the elite class by 31.3%, and with a twin - by 37.8%. The milk productivity of ewes of the gene pool flock of the Lincoln breed for the first 20 days of lactation is 28-46 kg or 1.4-2.3 kg per day. With age, the amount of milk in ewes increases by 17.6-25.4%, in the group of ewes with twin offspring, the milk content is higher than with single offspring - by 13.74%. Single lambs exceeded at birth by live weight their twin peers by 25%. A significant positive correlation r=0.68±0.23 (Р˂0.01) was obtained between the live weight of lambs at birth and the milk content of ewes. A high reliable correlation between the milk content of KL ewes and the live weight of the offspring in the first 20 days of life (r=+0.93 ± 0.15; r=+0.866 ± 0.125) can serve as a criterion for the selection of ewes by milk content for breeding purposes. On average, from 153.3 to 161.1 kg of milk is obtainable from KL ewes, during 108-117 days of lactation.
Keywords: Sheep, Kuban Lincoln, selection, milk production, live weight, singles, twins.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-99-270-274

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Authors:

1. Kulikova Anna Yakovlevna, DSc in Agriculture, professor, FSBSI "Krasnodar Research Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine".
2. Aboneev Vasily Vasilyevich, DSc in Agriculture, professor, Corresponding Member of RAS, ch. scientific employee, FSBSI "Krasnodar Research Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine".