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2021, № 91

UDC: 632.934(937/75):634.11
GSNTI: 68.37.29

The effectiveness of chemical and biological methods of controlling the dominant representatives of the genus hemiptera on the apple tree

The species composition of aphids (genus Hemiptera) in apple orchards of three agro-climatic regions of the Crimea is determined. Their seasonal distribution is specified. In the early spring period, the settlement of green apple (Aphis pomi Deg.) and gray apple (red-gall) (Dysaphis devekta Walk.) aphids in the apple orchards was recorded in the Belogorsky district and the Sevastopol city zone. The population density ranged from 5.0 to 15.0 colonies/tree, there were from 17.5 to 34.0 individuals in the colony. In the Bakhchisarai and Nizhnegorsk districts, the number of colonies of these species per tree was 3 times lower. From June to August, oat-apple aphids (Rhopalosiphum insertum Walk.) and rosy aphids (Dysaphis mali Ferr.) dominated in all areas of the peninsula. Woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm.) was detected in the gardens of the Bakhchisarai and Belogorsky districts in the 2nd decade of June. To regulate the number of phytophagans, a number of preparations of various chemical groups have been tested. The reduction of the number of these species against the background of a high population density can be achieved by using a single application of one of the organophosphorus preparations, pyrethroids or neonicotinoids. Biological efficiency was 94.8-96.7%. The effectiveness of the biological insecticide Biovert against rosy and oat-apple aphids was 84.5-87.0%. The population density of three species of aphids on the apple tree, after the use of organosilicon agent Tonantis® during the first day decreased by 6 times. On the third day after treatment, no increase in the population was observed, 50% of the individuals were slow-moving.
Keywords: Apple orchards, genus Hemiptera, organophosphorus preparations, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, organosilicon agent, effectiveness.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-91-105-109

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Authors:

1. Danilchuk Artur Alekseevich, post-graduate student, Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Nikitsky Botanical Garden-National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
2. Balykina Elena Borisovna, DSc in Agriculture, Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Nikitsky Botanical Garden-National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
3. Yagodinskaya Larisa Pavlovna, PhD in Agriculture, Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Nikitsky Botanical Garden-National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
4. Kovalenko Larisa Vladimirovna, Junior Researcher, Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Nikitsky Botanical Garden-National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".