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2020, № 84

UDC: 636.03:579.8
GSNTI: 68.39.29 68.41.43

Prospects for the use of phytobiotics in dairy farming

Studies of the antimicrobial activity of preparations from plants used as immunomodulatory phytoadditives in medicine and veterinary practice were carried out. Essential oils, hydrolates, and infusions of anise, coriander, lavender, mint, dill, thyme, fennel, sage, rose, hyssop, oregano, lemon balm, catnip, garlic, and solanum were studied. The inhibitory effect of the preparations was studied on isolates of E. faecium, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Serratia spp., Proteus spp., and E. coli selected on a dairy farm and characterized by resistance to antibiotics of two or more classes. It was found that all the studied forms of preparations - hydrolates, essential oils, infusions - were able to inhibit the growth of microorganisms, but preparations based on essential oils showed greater antimicrobial activity than hydrolates: among the studied isolates, only 20% were susceptible to hydrolates. The activity of the preparations depended mainly on the type of plant and the specific microorganism isolate. Significant variability of sensitivity to preparations of different isolates of microorganisms of the same species was established. The maximum inhibitory activity against multi-resistant S. aureus isolates was detected in dill essential oil, against E. coli - in dill, mint, coriander essential oils, against P. aeruginosa - in garlic infusion, against E. faecium - in mint oils and hydrolates, dill and sage oils. Proteus spp. isolate resistant to enrofloxacin, ampicillin, amoxicillin was inhibited by coriander, dill, hyssop and sage hydrolates; Serratia spp. isolate was susceptible to preparations based on all the studied essential oils, except sage. The use of these herbal preparations as phytobiotics to suppress opportunistic microflora with multiple antibiotic resistance seems promising for veterinary practice in dairy farming.
Keywords: Plant metabolites, phytobiotics, essential oils, hydrolates, opportunistic microflora, antibiotic resistance, cattle, S. aureus, P. Aeruginosa.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-84-246-254

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Authors:

1. Krivonogova Anna Sergeevna, DSc in Biology, Associate Professor, FSBSI "Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
2. Romanova Alisa Sergeevna, Phd in Technical, FSBSI "Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
3. Isaeva Albina Gennadievna, DSc in Biology, Associate Professor, FSBEI HE "Ural State Agrarian University".
4. Moiseeva Ksenia Victorovna, assistant, FSBEI HE "Ural State Agrarian University".
5. Pashtetsky Vladimir Stepanovich, DSc in Agriculture, FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea".