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2016, № 62

UDC: 631.52:633.1
GSNTI: 68.35.29.25

Accelerating the process of selection in the artificial climate

The problem of breeding process initial acceleration is particularly acute in the modern scientific world. The creation of new wheat varieties is a very time-consuming and costly process. It takes a lot of time and effort to get a variety that would meet the requirements imposed on imposed on the variety strong wheat. For all this it is necessary to study the huge amount of breeding material, but under natural conditions the whole process can drag on for an indefinite amount of time. Therefore, to accelerate the initial stages of the selection ladder phytotron-greenhouse complex is required to obtain two to three generations of hybrid material in the autumn-winter period. Bringing the population up to the third generation and receiving a sufficient amount of grain material in phytotrone- greenhouse complex the individual selection of promising lines begins in the fields. That is, within one calendar year the installation makes it possible to reduce the period from hybridization to selection of lines by 4-5 years. In natural conditions this process may take up to 7 years or more depending on weather conditions, as meteo conditions are not always favorable. In modern variety-changing dynamics work in artificial climate is the most promising. In our breeding and seed production agricultural Holding Kurgansemena breeding work is carried out successfully, starting with the study of the source material, carrying out hybridization, reproduction of the resulting hybrid material on the artificial climate installation, and then throughout the classical breeding scheme. In a relatively short period of the phytotron operation - only 7 years -over three thousand hybrid combinations has been propagated and from 140 to 220 grams of F3 generation grain was obtained of each population during the rapid multiplication. Due to the adjustable installation within a short period of creating a new variety of spring soft wheat we have managed to lead our cultivars to the competitive test and start their reproduction for transmission to state variety testing.
Keywords: Spring soft wheat, selection, artificial climate installation, phytotron, hybridization
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-62-117-121

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Authors:

1. Fomina Irina Viktorovna, PhD in. agriculture, head of the selection department, Limited liability company Agrokomplex "Kurgansemena ".
2. Maramygina Liudmila Viktorovna, senior researcher, Limited liability company Agrokomplex "Kurgansemena ".
3. Volokitina Claudia Aleksandrovna, research associate, Limited liability company Agrokomplex "Kurgansemena ".