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2016, № 58

UDC: 581.15:577.112.3
GSNTI: 31.34.31

Effect of amino acids on plants winter wheat

The effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with solutions of six amino acids in the range of concentrations 10-2-10-7 mol/L on the growth, accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and grain quality of winter wheat Adele was investigated. In laboratory experiments with 7-day old seedlings it was revealed that pre-sowing seed’s treatment with isoleucine and phenylalanine in the concentration ranges accordingly 10-2-10-5 and 10-2-10-7 mol/l. caused a reduction of sprout length. Treatment of seeds with solution of tryptophan, methionine, arginine stimulated the growth as roots and shoots. The largest effect was observed at concentrations of 10-5-10-7 mol/L. At the end of tillering treatment with arginine, tryptophan and methionine at a concentration of 10-6 mol/L increased plant height by 8-12%, while phenylalanine reduced by 11%. Pre-sowing seed's treatment with isoleucine and arginine in the concentration 10-6 mol/L promoted the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves in the spring, and treatment with isoleucine and proline at the concentration 10-6 mol/L has contributed to the long-term preservation of pigments in the leaves in the later stages of the growing season. Yield increase was observed in variants with presowing treatment with isoleucine and proline (at concentration 10-6 mol/L), phenylalanine (at concentration 10-4 mol/L), arginine (at concentration of 10-2 mol/L). Protein and gluten content increased under the influence of isoleucine and proline in a concentration of 10-6 mol/L and methionine and phenylalanine at concentration of 10-4 mol/l. Taking into account that a distinct physiological response is observed at a low amino acids concentration, a conclusion is made on the regulatory nature of their action.
Keywords: Winter wheat, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, valine, arginine, methionine, proline, chlorophyll, growth parameters, the quality of the grain

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Authors:

1. Fedulov Yuriy Petrovich, Dr. of Biological Sc., Professor, Honored Worker of Science of Kuban, Head of the department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Kuban State Agrarian University.
2. Lischenovskiy Mikhail Yuryevich, post-graduate student, Kuban State Agrarian University.
3. Podushin Yuri Victorovich, PhD in agriculture, Senior Lecturer, Kuban State Agrarian University.