<<<  Back

2022, № 99

UDC: 633.15:631.52
GSNTI: 68.35.03

Study of the waxy corn line of the VIR collection by quantitative and economically useful signs in Kabardino-Balkaria

The selection of agricultural crops, namely corn, is one of the main directions of the state task for the Institute of Agriculture of the Russian Academy of Sciences (the Institute of Agriculture is a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FGBNU "Federal Scientific Center "Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences"). Scientific work was carried out in 2019-2020, according to the agreement on scientific and technical cooperation, on the experimental field of the research and production site (NPU No. 1) in the foothill zone with lines of waxy corn from the collection of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov (VIR). The purpose of the work is to study and evaluate new lines of waxy corn of the VIR collection according to economically useful characteristics, to identify the most promising ones for their further use in breeding work on the creation of highly starchy hybrids. The novelty of the research consists in obtaining new data on the lines of waxy corn of the VIR collection according to the main quantitative characteristics and elements of productivity, in the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria. In the course of the conducted research, 50 self-pollinated lines were analyzed according to quantitative characteristics (plant height, cob length, number of cobs per plant, height of attachment of economically viable cobs, assessment of fertility of male inflorescences) and the main elements of productivity (number of rows in the cob, number of grains in a row, harvesting humidity, grain yield). On average, over the years of research, the following lines were distinguished: by plant height 25/2; 28/4; 28/2; 49/1; by the number of leaves 25/2; 28/4; 28/2; 50/1; the length of the cob 25/2; 28/4; 49/1; 50/1; 2031-1; 28/2; number of rows of grains in the cob 25/2; 31/2; 49/1; 31/2; number grains in a row of cob 6 lines -25/2; 28/4; 31/2; 2045-2; 2031/1; 28/2; the height of the attachment of the cob in the studied lines, this feature corresponded to the parameters and ranged from 50-65 cm, which is fully suitable for mechanized harvesting. According to one of the important signs, such as grain yield, the lines 25/2; 28/4 are highlighted; 49/1 (grain yield of the waxy corn lines used in the experiments averaged from 1.50-2.31 t/ha). No significant differences were observed in the other evaluated characteristics of waxy corn lines in the experiments. Work on the creation of corn hybrids with allocated lines will continue, as it is of significant breeding interest.
Keywords: Waxy corn, amylopectin, starch, lines, quantitative characteristics, biometric measurements.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-99-71-78

References:

1. Аппаев, С. П. Результаты сортоиспытания экспериментальных гибридов кукурузы / С. П. Аппаев, А. М. Кагермазов, А. В. Хачидогов, М. В. Бижоев // Известия Кабардино-Балкарского научного центра РАН. - № 1 (93). - 2020 - С. 68-72.
2. Доспехов, Б. А. Методика полевого опыта / Б. А. Доспехов. - М.: Колос, 1985. - С. 332.
3. Игнатьев, А. С. Оценка новых самоопыленных линий и восковидной кукурузы гибридов кукурузы (Zea Mays L. Ceratina) / А. С. Игнатьев // Зерновое хозяйство России. - № 2 (74). - 2021. - С. 22-26. - DOI:10.31367/2079-8725-2021-74-2-22-26.
4. Кагермазов, А. М. Изучение образцов кукурузы коллекции ВИР по основным фенотипическим признакам в предгорной зоне КБР / А. М. Кагермазов, А. В. Хачидогов // Вестник АПК Ставрополья. - № 2 (34). - 2019. - С. 57-61.
5. Коптелова, Е. К. О крахмале из восковидной кукурузы / Е. К. Коптелова, Н. Д. Лукин, Ю. И. Третьяков // Пищевая промышленность. - № 4. - 2012. - С. 56-58.
6. Костылев, П. И. Анализ элементов структуры урожайности и других количественных признаков у образцов риса / П. И. Костылев, Е. В. Краснова, А. В. Аксенов, Л. М. Костылева, А. Г. Галаян // Зерновое хозяйство России. - 2018. - № 1 (55). - С. 12-17.
7. Красковская, Н. А. Изучение гибридов кукурузы разных групп спелости в условиях Приморского края / Н. А. Красковская, Е. С. Бутовец, И. Н. Даниленко // Дальневосточный аграрный вестник. - 2020. - № 1(53). - С. 20-25.
8. Кривошеев, Г. Я. Селекционная ценность образцов подвида восковидной кукурузы (Zea mays L. Ceratina) / Г. Я. Кривошеев, А. С. Игнатьев // Достижения науки и техники АПК. - 2016. - Т. 31. - № 1. - С. 39-43. - DOI:10.31367/2079-8725-2018-60-6-32-36.
9. Кукеков, В. Г. Широкий унифицированный классификатор СЭВ и международный классификатор СЭВ видов Zeamays L / В. Г. Кукеков // Л.: ВИР. - 1977. - С. 80.
10. Матвеева, Г. В. Идентификация стародавних местных сортов и селекционных линий восковидной кукурузы по спектрам зеина / Г. В. Матвеева, В. В. Сидорова, Ю. В. Керв, А. В. Конарев // Достижения науки и техники АПК. - 2015. - Т. 29. - № 7. - С. 27-30.
11. Хатефов, Э. Б. Изучение селекционной ценности восковидной кукурузы / Э. Б. Хатефов, В. В. Шорохов, Г. В. Матвеева, А. И. Сарбашева // Вестник Орел ГАУ. - № 4. - 2011. - С. 21-28.
12. Шмараев, Г. Е. Изучение и поддержание образцов коллекции кукурузы / Г. Е. Шмараев, Г. В. Матвеева - Л.: 1985. - С. 52.
13. Boyko, V. N. Field assessment of accessions from the maize collection for resistance to boil smut / V. N. Boyko // Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. - No. 180 (3). - 2019. - Volume 91- 95. - DOI:10.30901/2227-8834-2019-3-91-95.
14. Gonikova, M. R. Study of economically valuable traits and technological properties in maize from the Zea mays L. collection of VIR / M. R., Gonikova, V. I. Khoreva, V. G. Goldstein, L. P. Nosovskaya, L. V. Adikaeva, E.B. Khatefov // Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. - 2020. - Т. 181 (4). - Volume 56-64. - DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2020-4-56-64.

Authors:

1. Bizhoev Murat Valerievich, researcher, Institute of Agriculture - branch Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center "Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
2. Kagermazov Alan Mukhamedovich, PhD in Agriculture, senior researcher, Institute of Agriculture - branch Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center "Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
3. Khachidogov Azamat Valerievich, PhD in Agriculture, senior researcher, Institute of Agriculture - branch Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center "Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
4. Bizhoev Ruslan Valerievich, researcher, Institute of Agriculture - branch Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center "Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".