Труды Кубанского государственного аграрного университета


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2022, № 99

UDC: 635.657-152(571.1)
GSNTI: 68.35.31

Study of the flowering time and seed size heritage in chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) in the conditions of Western Siberia

Flowering time and seed size are important characteristics for chickpea varieties adaptation. Early flowering and ripening contributes to the adaptation of chickpeas to the conditions of a short frost-free period in the Omsk region. Seed size is an important consumer quality, as well as a significant factor characterizing plant growth parameters. The article presents the results of studying the inheritance of flowering time and seed size in chickpeas in Western Siberia. The experiments were laid on the fields of the training and experimental farm of the Omsk State Agrarian University in the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region in 2016-2018. The object of research was collection chickpeas samples collection obtained from the N.I. Vavilov Federal Research Center of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR, St. Petersburg) Kabuli morphotype with a complex of valuable traits: ILC-2394 (Turkey), C-27 (Uzbekistan), C-35 (Krasnodar), C-80 (Azerbaijan) and hybrid populations of the first and second generations obtained with their participation. The results of hybridological analysis were processed using the χ2 criterion for the Mendelian ratio. As a result of the research, it was found that the duration of the period "germination - flowering" of chickpea has a digenic control and is due to two genes with double recessive epistasis (cryptomeria), with late flowering dominating over early. The genetic control of seed size in the studied chickpea hybrid combinations is digenic in nature and is under the control of two main genes with an additive type of action (dominant epistasis and complementarity), where small seeds dominate over large seeds. Effective selection of transgressive forms according to the studied traits (“seedlings-flowering” and weight of 1000 seeds) is possible in all chickpea hybrid combinations. Selection should be carried out starting from F2 and in subsequent generations of hybrids.
Keywords: Chickpeas, breeding, genetics, inheritance, flowering time, seed size.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-99-112-120

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Authors:

  1. Kuzmina Svetlana Petrovna, PhD in Agriculture, associate professor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Omsk State Agrarian University".
  2. Kazydub Nina Grigorievna, DSc in Agriculture, professor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Omsk State Agrarian University".
  3. Vlasova Anastasia Andreevna, Bachelor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Omsk State Agrarian University".