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2022, № 97

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Bacteria of the genus Bacillus as a promising source for the creation of biological control agents against pathogens and pests of agricultural crops

The search for highly effective strains for protecting plants from various forms of harmful organisms and increasing the yield of agricultural plants is an urgent task. In our work, eight endophytic strains and isolates of the genus Bacillus were found to be able to produce RNases, phytohormones, cytokinins and auxins, and various lipopeptides. High RNase activity was found in B. subtilis 26D, B. subtilis Ttl2, B. thuringiensis B-6066 strains and Bacillus sp. Stl7isolate. Most cytokinins were produced by B. subtilis 26D and Bacillus sp. Tas8.2, and the highest content of IAA was found in the culture medium of strains B. subtilis 11BM, B. subtilis Ttl2, and B. thuringiensis B-5351 and Bacillus sp. Stl7isolate. The surfactin biosynthesis gene was found in B. subtilis 26D, B. thuringiensis B-6066, Bacillus sp. Tas8.2 and Bacillus sp. Tas1. The genes of iturin and fengycin biosynthesis were found in B. subtilis 11ВМ, B. subtilis Ttl2 and Bacillus sp Stl7, while the gene of fengycin biosynthesis was found in B. thuringiensis B-5351. All bacteria had high insecticidal activity against the greenbug aphid Schizaphisgraminum. We suggest that the production of lipopeptides, phytohormones, and RNases may play an important role in the beneficial properties of bacterial strains for the development of biological agents with complex activity to protect plants from pathogens and pests. All endophytic strains and isolates of bacteria studied in our work are promising for the creation of such biological agents.
Keywords: Endophytes, Bacillus spp, biological products, nucleases, phytohormones, lipopeptides.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-97-40-45

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Authors:

1. Veselova Svetlana Viktorovna, PhD in Biology, senior researcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific "Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
2. Sorokan Antonina Vyacheslavovna, PhD in Biology, research associate, Federal State Budgetary Scientific "Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
3. Burkhanova Guzel Fanilevna, PhD in Biology, research associate, Federal State Budgetary Scientific "Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
4. Rumyantsev Sergey Dmitrievich, PhD in Biology, research associate, Federal State Budgetary Scientific "Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
5. Alekseev Valentin Yurievich, PhD student, Federal State Budgetary Scientific "Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
6. Cherepanova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna, PhD in Biology, research associate, Federal State Budgetary Scientific "Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
7. Maksimov Igor’ Vladimirovich, DSc in Biology, professor, head of the Laboratory, chief researcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific "Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".