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2021, № 91

UDC: 633.1
GSNTI: 68.03.01

The influence of weather conditions on the biological yield of spring wheat in the conditions of the Novgorod region of the North-West of Russia

Data on the study of the influence of weather conditions on the biological yield of spring wheat in the conditions of the Novgorod region of North-West Russia are presented. It is confirmed that heat and moisture are important environmental factors in the cultivation of spring wheat. With the same cultivation technology, but in different years, the yield of wheat can vary significantly. Due to the diversity of agro-climatic conditions in the territory of the Novgorod region, late-maturing wheat varieties in some years may not have time to form a full-fledged grain due to lack of heat. The calculation of the hydrothermal coefficient showed that the weather conditions for the years of research differ significantly in terms of moisture conditions: from slightly arid to excessively humid. It is experimentally proved that weather conditions significantly affect the formation of generative organs of spring wheat, its biological yield. In the conditions of the Novgorod region of the North-West of Russia, under favorable weather conditions with a sufficient amount of moisture and air temperature at the beginning and end of the growing season, the biological yield of spring wheat of the medium-ripened variety Darya can be 13.3 tons of grain per 1 ha with a mass of 1000 grains of more than 42 grams. The lack of moisture during the growing season leads to a significant shortage of spring wheat grains and their low quality. The weight of 1000 grains is 30,0-37,0% lower, compared to a more favorable year in terms of weather conditions.
Keywords: Spring wheat, hydrothermal coefficient, yield, grain.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-91-28-31

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Authors:

1. Bevz Svetlana Yakovlevna, Phd in Agriculture, associate Professor of the Department of technology of production and processing of agricultural products, Novgorod State University named after Yaroslav the Wise.