<<<  Back

2021, № 88

UDC: 631.8.633.853
GSNTI: 68.35.31

Soybean seed yield formation depending on the plant standing density

The large share of soy among leguminous crops is determined by its valuable chemical composition, which allows it to be widely used for food, feed and technical purposes. Depending on the variety and growing conditions, soy seeds contain 35-50% of protein and 17-25% of oil, which means that most of the seeds are essential food products. The yield of soybeans depends on the variety and growing conditions. Soy plays a big role in the decision of vegetable protein production. In Kabardino-Balkaria, it is cultivated on small areas, only a few hundred hectares, and the yield is 1.5-1.7 t/ha. However, the potential of this culture is much higher. It is necessary to create optimal conditions for the plants during the entire growing season. High-quality soil preparation, timely sowing of seeds of the best varieties of soybeans, taking into account climatic conditions, crops care, determination of the optimal seeding rate provide high yields, characterized by high indicators of the physical properties of seeds. It is very important to create optimal conditions for the development of the root system, so that the formation and activity of the symbiotic apparatus is effective, so that the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen contributes to the symbiotrophic type of plant nutrition. Complex of these techniques of technology provides a high economic effect of soybeans production, which is about 30 thousand rubles per hectare.
Keywords: Soy, technology, plants standing density, yield, seed quality.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-88-79-83

References:

1. Антонов, В. Б. Симбиотическая активность и продуктивность сои в зависимости от условий минерального питания на карбонатных черноземах / В. Б. Антонов / Биологический азот в ратсеневодстве. - М., 1996. - 39 с.
2. Вавилов, П. П. Растениеводство / П. П. Вавилов / М., 1996. - С. 13-187.
3. Калмыков, А. В. Особенности азотного питания сои и условия активного бобоворизобиального симбиоза / А. В. Калмыков, Б. М. Князев // Зерновое хозяйство. - 2008. - № 1. - М. - С. 12-13.
4. Калмыков, А. В. Совершенствование технологии возделывания сои для повышения продуктивности и качества семян / А. В. Калмыков, Б. М. Князев // Зерновое хозяйство. - 2008. - № 1. - М. - С. 17-18.
5. Кандроков, Ж. М. Влияние нормы высева на формирование урожая зеленого горошка и его качества / Ж. М. Кндроков. - БЦНТИ. - Нальчик. - 2001. - С. 3-4.
6. Князев, Б. М. Теоритические основы реализации потенциальной продуктивности сои в условиях Северного Кавказа // Б. М. Князев. - Автореф. дисс.. д-ра с.-х. наук. - М., 1994. - С. 40.
7. Посыпанов, Г. С. Биологический азот / Г. С. Посыпанов. - М., 2006. - С. 168-239.
8. Русаков, В. В. Влияние технологических приемов на усвоение азота воздуха и урожай семян сои в условиях юга Амурской области / В. В. Русаков. - Биологический азот. - М., 2004. - С. 47-48.

Authors:

1. Knyazeva Diana Borisovna, post-graduate student, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kabardino-Balkar Agrarian University".
2. Shkhagapsoeva Zarema Zaurovna, student, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kabardino-Balkar Agrarian University".
3. Knyazev Boris Muzakirovich, DSc in Agriculture, Professor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kabardino-Balkar Agrarian University".