2020, № 84

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Сreation of a rice breeding procedure for adaptability to reduced irrigation rates

Rice production in Russia can be increased by 500 thousand tons by increasing the area. These lands are empty, since only rice cultivation reduces their salinity when flooded, which in turn allows them to be used for growing other crops. However, it is not possible to introduce empty land into agricultural production in the near future due to the lack of water and the increase in tariffs for its supply. As a result, the primary task of breeding is to create rice varieties adapted to the lack of irrigation water. Created a material that can provide a crop without additional watering. To further improving the stability of the created material, we evaluated domestic rice varieties based on the characteristics that determine their adaptability to stress. The study showed a high variability of characteristics that characterize the water potential of the variety (48 varieties of domestic selection were studied). The "percentage of bound water" in the source samples was more than four times higher than in the contrasting varieties. According to the hydration of leaves, the varieties differed by 2,4 times. The percentage of unbound water varied less than other studied features 1,6 times. More than other signs differentiated samples feature "speed of water balance recovery" differences on it were sevenfold. At the same time, the lack of reliable correlations between the polymorphism of the studied varieties based on traits that previously provided increased adaptability to drought, and the response to stress indicates multiple mechanisms of stability, which can level the results of selection for one single trait.
Keywords: Rice, resistance, drought, lack of irrigation water, selection.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-84-130-134

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Authors:

Goncharova Julia Konstantinovna, DSc in Biology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific institution "Federal rice research center".
Ochkas Nikolay Alexandrovich, Phd in Biology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific institution "Federal rice research center".
Kharitonov Evgeny Mikhailovich, DSc in Social, professor, academician of the RAS, Federal State Budgetary Scientific institution "Federal rice research center".
Bragina Olesya Anatolyevna, Phd in Biology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific institution "Federal rice research center".