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2018, № 73

UDC: 634.1:634.2
GSNTI: 68.35.59

Peculiarities of growth and development of cherrieson clonal rootstocksof the Crimean piedmont zone

The estimation of the influence of clonal rootstocks of sweet cherry-tree VSL-2, Kolt, antipka (control) on growth, development and productivity in the Anushka, Krupnoplodnaya, Lubava garden in the foothill zone of the Crimea. Clone rootstocks make it possible to form trees with small-volume crowns and use denser planting schemes. One of the advantages of poorly grown orchards is that they consume up to 60% of the photosynthetic products produced in the leaves of plants for fruit formation, and not more than 40% for vigorous ones. Weak trees can yield a crop that exceeds the mass of leaves and twigs together, which is not the case with trees on high growth stocks. Confirmed data from previous years on the prospects of the stock of VSL-2. By the strength of its growth, it can be attributed to the middle group, Kolt and antipku to vigorous. The height of all the cultivars studied on the VSL-2 is 0.8-1.0 m less than in the control and 0.4-0.6 m less than in the Kolt. The cross-sectional area of the eight-year-old trees of the Krupnoplodnaya variety is 256.0 cm2 for VSL-2, 264.0 cm2 for Kolta, and 269.1 cm2 for antipaque. For other grades, the indicators are similar. Projection area and crown volume also confirm preliminary findings that the trees on the VSL-2 are 15-20% less tall than the antipke and Kolte. The yield of the large-berry variety was 17.0 kg / d and 15.1 t / ha, which is 4.1 kg / d and 3.6 t / ha more than in the control (antipka). The average yield for all the years of research is also higher at the VSL-2 than on the antipka and Kolt stocks.
Keywords: Clonal rootstocks, stone culture, cherry, crown, crown projection, crown volume, cross-sectional area of the stem, productivity, yield
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-73-167-170

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Authors:

1. Popov Anatoly Ivanovich, researcher, Federal State Institution of Science "Order of the Labour Red Banner Nikita Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center Russian Academy of Science», branch “Crimean Gardening Experimental Station".
2. Chakalov Timur Serverovich, Junior Researcher, Federal State Institution of Science "Order of the Labour Red Banner Nikita Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center Russian Academy of Science», branch “Crimean Gardening Experimental Station".