Труды Кубанского государственного аграрного университета


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2018, № 72

UDC: 575:631.52
GSNTI: 06.75.10

System to develop adaptive and resistant hybrids of sugar beet

The article is devoted to actual fundamental questions of resistance and adaptation of living systems (sugar beet, in particular) under conditions of changing climate. Studying of genetic and biological (energy and information) potential of sugar beetis connected with neces sity to solve the problems of obtaining hybrids that are able to compete with foreign heterosis ones, resistant to abiotic- and bio-factors. Fundamental and applied investigations (with environment - genotype interaction), as well as main directions of sugar beet breeding and principles of adaptability and resistance of an individual, lines, components, a crop, a species, a genus and a family using different systems and areas of propagation depending on their origin are stated. Use of features of life cycle of traits and characteristics expression of beet of the first and second years of life gives the possibility to generate a strategy for management of resistance and adaptability of lines, components and a system for development of competitive heterosis hybrids on their basis. The investigations conducted with various beet forms, traits and properties allow obtaining a series of data that, for the first time, have revealed a previously unknown regularity of a trait expression (multigermity, sterility, fertility, root weight and sugar content). Results of the investigations have shown that it is necessary and possible to develop new generations of domestic productive resistant and adaptive hybrids of sugar beet thereby increasing their share in domestic and world markets. These hybrids would provide production of qualitative sugar and keep not only food and economic safety, but also health of the Russians positively influencing on life expectancy.
Keywords: Genetics, breeding, seed-growing, taxonomy, ecology, adaptability, resistance, regularity, structures
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-72-196-202

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Authors:

  1. Kornienko Anatoly Vasilyevich, DSc in Agriculture, professor, leading research officer, Head of the Laboratory of sugar beet breeding on base, VNIISS, corresponding member of Russian Science Academy, academician of EA, academician of MAI, member of IIRB, foreign member of Ukraine NAAN academy, honoured science worker of RF, honorary worker of APK RF, VNIISS-Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “The A.L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar”.
  2. Skachkov Sergey Ivanovich, senior research officer, VNIISS, VNIISS-Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “The A.L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar”.
  3. Semenihina Lidiya Valentinovna, research officer, VNIISS, leading programmer, VNIISS-Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “The A.L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar”.
  4. Melnikov Yuriy Nikolayevich, junior research officer, VNIISS, VNIISS-Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “The A.L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar”.
  5. Baranova Tatyana Valentinovna, senior research officer, VGU, VGU-Voronezh State University.