Труды Кубанского государственного аграрного университета


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2018, № 71

UDC: 631.53.01:633.1:621.386.8
GSNTI: 47.29.39

Current issues of science efficiency enhancement in ensuring key tasks performance of the Russian Federation grain branch food security

The article is dedicated to the problem of existing technologies improvement to get standard grain seed and food material based on new knowledge of hidden seeds deficiency using microfocus x-ray radiography technique. The studies are performed via the approved x-ray method in the Seed X-ray Testing Laboratory of Agrophysical Research Institute, with the use of the mobile x-ray device PRDU-02. Experimental data on the x-ray analysis of wheat, barley and rye seeds and grain lots received in different soil and climatic regions of Russia are given. It is established that the percentage of barley seeds with high level of the hidden stress crack in the southern regions of Russia reaches 80% and depends on technologies of cleaning and drying, but not on a generation of seeds and conditions of their formation. The difference in the "hidden germination" indicator of barley seed samples is very variable and is up to 10 times. It is revealed that the hidden stress crack indicator of food wheat grain lots received in different regions of the Russian Federation reaches the maximum value of 49%, grain shriveling indicator - 48%.
Keywords: X-ray radiography of seeds and grain, hidden deficiency of caryopsis, controlled crop farming, food security
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-71-5-9

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Authors:

  1. Arkhipov Mikhail Vladfimirovich, Dr. of biological sciences, head researcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Agrophysical Scientific Research Institute" (FSBI APhI); vice director, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "North-Western centre for interdisciplinary studies of the problems of food supply (FSBSI, SSCPA), St. Petersburg.
  2. Danilova Tatyana Alekseyevna, PhD in agriculture, leading resaearcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Agrophysical Scientific Research Institute" (FSBI APhI); vice director, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "North-Western centre for interdisciplinary studies of the problems of food supply (FSBSI, SSCPA), St. Petersburg.
  3. Gusakova Ludmila Petrovna, PhD in biology, leading reseasrcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Agrophysical Scientific Research Institute" (FSBI APhI); vice director, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "North-Western centre for interdisciplinary studies of the problems of food supply (FSBSI, SSCPA), St. Petersburg.
  4. Priyatkin Nikolai Sergeyevich, PhD in techniques, sr. researcher, head of the sector, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Agrophysical Scientific Research Institute" (FSBI APhI), Saint-Petersburg.
  5. Sheloukhova Natalya Alekseyevna, Dr. of biological sciences, sr. researcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Agrophysical Scientific Research Institute" (FSBI APhI), Saint-Petersburg.