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2017, № 67

UDC: 634. 1: 631. 52
GSNTI: 68.35.03

Modern methods of creation and assessment of initial material of an apple-tree for acceleration of selection process

Results of long-term studying of the grades and elite forms of an apple-tree (Malus x domestica Borkh.) a different ploidnost growing in the conditions of the South of Russia are presented. A research objective - the accelerated creation with use of methods of the molecular and genetic analysis of apple-tree genotypes, immune to a scab, with high quality of fruits. In work programs and techniques of selection, modern molecular and genetic methods of research are used. The СТАВ method which is characterized by use of cleaner of a tsetiltrimetilammoniybromid is applied to extraction of DNA. The modification of the СТАВ method developed of NСRRIH&V based on use of kollidon in concentration of 1% in the liziruyushchy buffer for fuller cleaning of tests of DNA of polyphenolic connections is used. The method of the DNA analysis is used for selection of genotypes of an apple-tree on genes: Vf - immunity to a scab; Md-PG1 - the pulp softening which is authentically influencing process at storage; Md-EXP7 - defining quality and density of pulp of fruits (especially alleles 198 and 202). As valuable initial material for selection grades Granatovoe, Nika, 12/1-20-41, etc., combining a complex of valuable agrobiological signs are allocated. During research with use of a method of DNA marking for identification of a gene of immunity to a scab of Vf and quality indicators of fruits (Md-PG1 gene which is authentically influencing process of a softening of pulp at storage; Md-EXP7 - defining quality and density of pulp of fruits) are revealed apple-tree genotypes, high-quality, immune to a scab: 12/1-20-41, 12/1-20-59, 12/2-21-4, 12/1-21-76.
Keywords: Grade, apple-tree, selection, gene, DNA analysis
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-67-268-272

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Authors:

1. Ulyanovskaya Elena Vladimirovna, Dr. of Agricultural sciences. Sciences, head. Laboratory, FSBSI ''North-Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture''.
2. Suprun Ivan Ivanovich, Phd. Biol. Sciences, head. Laboratory, FSBSI ''North-Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture''.
3. Tokmakov Sergey Vyacheslavovich, Phd. Biol. Sciences, scientific. Employee, FSBSI ''North-Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture''.
4. Bogdanovich Tatiana Valerievna, ml. Sci. Employee, FSBSI ''North-Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture''.