Труды Кубанского государственного аграрного университета


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2016, № 58

UDC: 632.75:633.11„324”:631.445.4(470.62)
GSNTI: 68.37.05

The status of populations of harmful turtles Eyrigaster integriceps Put. (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) in agrocenosis of winter wheat on leached chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia

The purpose of the study was to find the methodological approaches to the development of long-term and short-term forecasts of harmful turtles’ populations by taking into account weather predictors and winter wheat cultivation technology. The studies were conducted in the second rotation of the eleven-field crop rotation on the basis of long experience in the field of stationary leached weak humus chernozem in 2004-2014. To develop long-term prognosis analysis of weather predictors in July and August the previous years’ data were used to ensure the conditions for feeding turtles and preparing them for the winter diapause, as well as in January and February this year, on which the survival of diapausing pests depends. The basis of the short-term forecast is the analysis of weather predictors in April and May, defining the conditions for the harmful bugs’ trip on winter wheat and pest embryos survival. The accounting of winter wheat populations by larvae of the Sunn pest was carried out with the use of conventional methods in cases of extensive (natural background soil fertility and mineral nutrition without plant protection products) and environmentally acceptable (elevated levels of soil fertility and mineral nutrition without plant protection) winter wheat cultivation technology of KScRIA name of P.P. Lukyanenko selection sorts. During the researches in 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2011, the dry and hot weather in July - August led to the rapid maturation and early harvesting of grain, which led to the death of underfed bedbugs. Reduction in populations of harmful bugs in 2005, 2006 and 2012 was contributed by the low temperatures in the absence of snow cover. In 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2014 reduction in the number of diapausing bugs caused elevated temperature conditions during heavy rainfall. Weather predictors during oviposition and development of harmful bugs embryos used for short-term forecast provided decrease in the population of larvae below EPV - 0,5-1,8 ind / m2. Of 11 years, only in 2009-2011 the population of larvae exeeded EPV 3,0-4,8 times. Grain damage ranged from 0,1 to 0,4% on a natural background of soil fertility and mineral nutrition, and from 0,6 to 3,4% - on the increased background.
Keywords: Winter wheat, agrocenosis, field experience, a harmful bug, stage of development, population dynamics, weather predictors

References:

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Authors:

  1. Рikushova Emilia Alekzandrovna, Professor, Kuban State Agrarian University.
  2. Veretelnik Elena Yurevna, associate Professor, candidate of biological Sciences, Kuban State Agrarian University.
  3. Zakirova Mira Miradilovna, student, Kuban State Agrarian University.