2022, № 96

UDC: 636.2.034; 636.082.2
GSNTI: 68.39.13; 68.39.19; 68.39.29

Productive longevity of Holstein breed cows depending on paratypical and genetic factors

The average duration of productive life of Holstein cows is 2,27 calving in the conditions of the Smolensk region. The pedigree base of the Holstein breed of the region is equipped with imported cattle from Europe and the USA by 53.6% and its own reproduction by 46.4%. The indicators of productive longevity and lifetime productivity of Holstein cows depending on paratypical and genetic factors in the conditions of the Smolensk region were studied. A current analysis using the grouping method depending on the age of the first calving, milk yield for the first lactation, the level of lifetime milk yield, genealogical affiliation and individual characteristics of breeding bulls was carried out. The duration of use (in lactation), milk productivity for the first, average, maximum and lifetime lactation, milk yield per one day productive life and one day of life were taken into account. It was found that animals are able to increase productivity throughout the entire life cycle from 1 to 8 lactation. Cows that calved for the first time at the age of 16-19 and 28-31 months had the longest period of productive use. With an increase in the milk yield of first-calf cows, starting from the milk yield level of 8000 kg and above, there is a tendency to decrease their longevity by 0,12-0,9 lactation. With an increase in lifetime milk yield, the time used of cows increases by 0,71-5,97 lactation. The longest period of productive life was observed in cows of the related group Siling Trijun Rokit 252803, they exceed animals of other genealogical groups in life time by 4,04-4,96 lactation. The daughters of the bull GIBOR HOFRAM7297006288 of the related group Montvik Chieftain 95679 stand out with the greatest productive longevity. To increase the efficiency of breeding Holstein cows on the territory of the Smolensk region, it is preferable to use them for at least 8 lactations.
Keywords: Holstein cattle breed, productive longevity of cows, milk yield for one day of productive life.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-96-301-306

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Authors:

Tatueva Oksana Vladimirovna, senior researcher, Animal Technologies Federal State Budget Research Institution "Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops".
Koltsov Dmitry Nikolaevich, PhD in Agriculture, associate professor, Deputy Director, Animal Technologies Federal State Budget Research Institution "Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops".