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2022, № 95

UDC: 632.93
GSNTI: 34.35.25

Development of methods to control the number of click beetles on soybean crops using synthetic sex pheromones

The study is aimed at the development of methods for the use of synthetic analogues of pheromones for monitoring and regulating the number of click beetles (Coleoptera, Elateridae). The research was carried out in FSBSI FRCBPP on soybean crops with an area of 8 hectares on Vilana variety and in the farm "Zolotaya Niva" (Voronezhskaya village, Krasnodar Krai), on soybean crops with an area of 10 hectares on Vilana variety. For field studies, we used pheromones of click beetles: Kuban (Crimean) Agriotes tauricus (Heydemann, 1882), steppe Agriotes gurgistanus (Faldermann, 1835), and sowing Agriotes sputator (Linnaeus, 1758). Traps for the mass capture of insects were placed at the rate of 6-12 per 1 ha. In the experiments, rubber and rubber-foam preparative forms (dispensers) were used, on which from 2 to 20 mg of pheromone were applied. Female click beetles were caught using the method of attracting baits and LED traps to determine their fertility in the control and experimental plots. Experiments on breaking chemical communication (disorientation) were carried out using special evaporators (disruptors) impregnated with pheromone of the target species at a dose of 1-100 mg/dispenser, the distance between the evaporators ranged from 2 to 50 m. As a result of the research, the prospects for the use of pheromone materials by methods of mass trapping and disorientation have been determined. The efficiency of mass trapping of male click beetles, determined by the decrease in the fertility of natural females, was 91.4% for the steppe click beetle, 80% for the sowing beetle, and 93.7% for the Kuban beetle. The method of disorientation made it possible to reduce the ethological activity of male click beetles by 91-99%, depending on the species, which reduced the number of the daughter generation by 75-82%. During the experiments, it was noted that equipping the "Estron" trap with an additional pheromone source placed on the antenna, 1-1.5 m high, effectively increases (3-9 times) the capture of male click beetles, which makes it possible to increase the efficacy of the methods for using pheromone materials in the protection of soybeans against wireworms.
Keywords: Soybean, pheromones, elimination, disorientation, phytophages, monitoring, chemical communication.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-95-87-93

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Authors:

1. Ismailov Vladimir Iacovlevig, PhD in Biology, leading researcher, head of the laboratory, Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection.
2. Pushnya Marina Vladimirovna, PhD in Biology, senior researcher, Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection.
3. Komantsev Alexander Alexandrovich, Junior researcher, Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection.
4. Zamotajlov Alexandr Sergeevich, Dr. Sc., Professor, Head of the Department, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University”.