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2021, № 92

UDC: 633.31/37+632.952
GSNTI: 68.37.31, 68.37.07, 68.37.13

The system approach to spring wheat varieties resistance assessment to root rots

The aim of the work was to assess the influence of spring wheat varieties on the life cycle tactics of root rot pathogens. The studies were carried out in 2019-2021 in the northern forest-steppe of the Ob region according to generally accepted methods. When assessing a collection of 22 spring wheat varieties for resistance to Fusarium-Helminthosporium root rot, a systemic approach was used, which included the study of the host plant variety role in the evolutionary tactics implementation by phytopathogens: P - reproduction, B - survival, T - trophic links. To assess the tactics of T, the account of plants infestation by root rot was carried out, differentiated by organs according to the phases of plant development, with the determination of the disease etiology. Differences in the varieties infestation at the germination phase were 2.4 times, then there was a smoothing of varietal differences up to 5-20%, which indicates the need to take into account the role of biotic and abiotic factors of the epiphytotic process in assessing plant resistance to diseases. Evaluation of the reproduction intensity (tactic P) of phytopathogens made it possible to identify varieties that stabilize, or vice versa, worsen the phytosanitary state of soil in agrocenoses. The difference in the intensity of Bipolarissorokiniana propagation on plants root leaves was 19 times for varieties. The influence of varieties on the survival rate (tactic B) of phytopathogens was expressed in the induction of the rhizosphere soil suppressiveness, degradation of the soil micromycetesdormant structures and determined the root rot etiology. Were identified varieties that combined a moderate infection of underground organs by root rot in the current season with the limitation of the pathogen reproduction and its survival in the soil, stabilizing the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses in the long term.
Keywords: Spring wheat, variety, root rot, life cycle tactic.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-92-165-171

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Authors:

1. Toropova Elena Yurevna, DSc in Biology, Professor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Novosibirsk State Agrarian University.
2. Kirichenko Albina Aleksandrovna, Phd in Biology, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Novosibirsk State Agrarian University.
3. Vorob’ova Irina Gennad’evna, DSc in Biology, assistant professor, Central Siberian Botanical gardenthe Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
4. Piskarev V’acheslav Vasilevich, Phd in Agriculture, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.