Труды Кубанского государственного аграрного университета


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2020, № 85

UDC: 634.13:664.8
GSNTI: 34.29.25, 68.35.53

Quality assessment of fruits of pear varieties in the piedmont zone of the North-Western Caucasus

In the collection of pear genetic resources of the Maikop Experiment Station of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR), varieties have been identified that have high scores of tasting assessment (4,3-5,0 points), with different maturity periods: summer - 10 varieties, autumn - 33 varieties, and winter - 13 varieties. The taste score was compared with the biochemical composition of the fruits. No direct dependence of the taste qualities of pear fruits on their biochemical composition has been established: the taste of fruits moderately and positively correlates with the total sugars (r = 0,32), very weakly and positively - with the dry solids (r = 0,01) and acids (r = 0,004) content, and negatively - with the content of vitamin C in fruits (r = - 0,2). In the varieties studied, the sugar-acid index is within the range of 23,1-96,2 relative units. SAI very weakly and positively correlates with the taste of fruits (r = 0,03). The varieties that are distinguished by a combination of high taste qualities and an increased weight of fruits have been identified: with large fruits (201-250 g) - Abadzekhskaya, Abate Fetel, Amazonka, Beurre Hardy, Biryuzovaya, Winter Dechant, Dechant Maikop, Dilbar, Kubanka, Pass-Krassan, Triumph de Vienna, Uspenka, Winter Forelle; and with very large fruits (251-360 g) - Duchesse d'Angoulême, Jeanne d'Arc, Zemfira, Lyra, Legend, Marguerite de Marilla, Silva, Kavkaz.
Keywords: Pear, varieties, tasting assessment, dry solids, total sugars, acidity, vitamin C, sugar-acid index, fruit size.
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-85-299-304

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Authors:

  1. Shapovalov Maksim Igorevich, Phd in Biology, Senior Researcher, Maikop State Technological University.
  2. Bandurko Irina Anatolyevna, DSc in Agriculture, Professor, Maikop State Technological University.
  3. Khlestkina Elena Konstantinovna, DSc in Biology, Professor RAS, Director, Federal Research Center The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR).