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2019, № 77

UDC: 634.32:631.559]:631.511.98(470.620)
GSNTI: 68.35.53

Methods of managing of the tangerine economic crop formation in the conditions of Wet Subtropics of Russia

The scientific work is devoted to the study of the influence of certain physiologically active substances on the growth characteristics of various mandarin plant organs in humid subtropics of Russia to substantiate the prospects and for the optimal timing of their use in connection with ensuring the most complete manifestation of potential productivity. Research conducted in the laboratory and field experiments, set in 2016-2018 in mandarin plantations of the All-Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops (Sochi - 43О36 ' north latitude and 39о46' east longitude). The soil of the experimental field is brown forest. The age of plant - 30 years old. Layout of trees 3½1 m. A variety of mandarin Miyagawa Wase, grafted on the stock Poncirus trifoliater R., was studied. The preparations used: heteroauxin - concentration of 0.001% and new Russian growth regulator melafen - concentration 1 ½ 10 -9 M. Control - trees treated with water. The content of free indolylacetic (IAA) and abscisic (ABA) acids in mandarin plant organs was determined by capillary electrophoresis. According to the results of the study of the dynamics the correlation of IAA / ABA in fruits and leaves of mandarin during the growing season, the best period of use of physiologically active substances to optimize the formation of the economic yield was revealed. This is the period of maximum superiority generative organs in terms of growth activity (the size of the developing fruits is 3.0 cm). The most promising preparation for optimizing mandarin fruit is melafen. When it is used, the average mass of ripened fruits increases by 11, and the productivity of mandarin increases by 17% compared with the control values. It is concluded that the use of melafen in mandarin plantations is expedient for realizing the possibility of a directed effect on the movement of assimilates to the fruiting points and, ultimately, controlling the formation of the economic harvest.
Keywords: Plants, mandarin, endogenous phytohormones, physiologically active substances, growth, fruits, economic yield
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-77-89-94

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Authors:

1. Doroshenko Tatyana Nikolaevna, DSc in Agriculture, Professor, Deserved worker of sciences of Russian Federation, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University”.
2. Ryndin Alexey Vladimirovich, DSc in Agriculture s, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University”.
3. Ryazanova Lyudmila Georgievna, Phd in Agriculture, Associate Professor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University”.
4. Gegechkori Bichiko Sergeevich, DSc in Agriculture, Professor, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University”.
5. Nenko Natalia Ivanovna, DSc in Agriculture, Professor, Federal State Budgetary Institution "North-Caucasian Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking".