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2019, № 76

UDC: 631.894:635.71
GSNTI: 68.33.29

Assessment of new type fertilizers efficiency for tobacco growing

Efficiency of modern Russian complex organic preparations BIO MIKS and BIO FISH for tobacco growing has been shown. They are of vegetation and animal origin of marine hydrobiontes and fish emulsion. Researches were carried (2015-2017) on the experimental base of VNIITTI. It has been discovered that triple applying (before seed sowing and twice during vegetation in 2 and 4 weeks after sowing) of new fertilizers BIO MIKS (1.0 ml/m2) and BIO FISH (3.0 ml/m2) in seedling growing on a long-term non-replaceable degraded nutrient mixture with the content of available nitrogen in the substrate about 35 mg/100 g of mixture (50% of optimal dose needed for seedling growing) provide a reduction in the development of root rot of plants while reducing the level of phytopathogenic infection. Preparations being a source for microorganisms of such nutrients as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements increase intensity of soil biological processes. Intensity of nitrification process has increased 2.0 and 3.4 times, activity of cellulose degrading organisms - 1.4-2.9 times, and soil breathing intensity - 1.9-2.0 times. Stalk mass of plants treated with BIO MIKS has increased by 92%, and with BIO FISH - by 62% and roots mass - by 50 and 65% respectively. At the same time, the yield of high-quality standard seedlings increases to the optimal time of planting in the field by 1.5-1.7 times compared to the control. Utilizing the fertilizers of new type in greenhouse had positive effect on plant development during the field period because of good seedling quality. Plants treated with BIO MIKS during seedling period have increased leaf area of middle leaves by 23%, and treated with BIO FISH - by 19%. Proved increase of productivity was 5.9 c/ha (22%) and 4.2 c/ha (16%) (NSR - 1.9 c/ha). Utilizing of preparations also led to increasing quantity of reproductive seed plants by 11-14% and improving of chemical composition of raw tobacco because of proteins decreasing and carbohydrates increasing.
Keywords: Tobacco, seedling, fertilizers BIO MIKS and BIO FISH, productivity, quality of raw tobacco
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-76-141-146

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Authors:

1. Plotnikova Tatyana Viktorovna, Phd in Agriculture, head of laboratory of agrotechnology, FGBNU "All-Russian research institute of tobacco, makhorka and tobacco products".
2. Sidorova Natalya Vladimirovna, senior research employee of agrotechnology laboratory, FGBNU "All-Russian research institute of tobacco, makhorka and tobacco products".
3. Egorova Elena Vladimirovna, senior university teacher, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “I.T. Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University”.