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2017, № 66

UDC: 581.11
GSNTI: 68.35.03

Reutization as the most important process for formation of seeds

Reutilization is the fundamental physiological process of the formation of generative organs of plants, fruits and seeds. Due to reutilization on the root and after mowing of the plants, the seed is developing and accumulating the substances in the endosperm, cotyledons and other storing tissues, at the same time the embryo is developing. Accumulation of substances in the storage tissues continues to the middle of the wax ripeness at the humidity of about 27%. The embryo continues to develop by increasing the number of cells to the doughy state (the moisture content of seeds is 50-40%). To investigate the process of migration of substances from vegetative organs to generative ones and seeds, a new parameter was proposed - "Reutilization intensity", which is the amount of migrating substances from vegetative organs to inflorescences, fruits and seeds, expressed as a percentage of their initial mass. The level of intensity of reutilization is the starting point when planning harvesting. In case of separate harvesting, the mowing of plants in the rolls should be carried out during the active reutilization period - from the beginning of the wax ripeness (humidity - %) to the middle of the wax ripeness (humidity 27-25%). At the same time, the formation of the quantity and quality of the grain is successfully completed and, due to the immaturity of the separation layer (between the embryo and the base of floral scales), there is virtually no shedding.
Keywords: Reutilization, migration of substances, intensity of reutilization, seed formation, harvesting
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-66-158-163

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Authors:

1. Makrushin Nikolai Mikhailovich, Doctor of agricultural sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Professor, Department of Phytobiology of the Academy of Bioresources and Nature Management of the “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”.
2. Astafeva Veronika Yevgenievna, Cand. of agricultural sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Phytobiology of the Academy of Bioresources and Nature Management of the “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”.
3. Shabanov Roman Yurievich, Candidate of agricultural sciences, Department of Phytobiology of the Academy of Bioresources and Nature Management of the “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”.
4. Savchenko Marina Vyacheslavovna, Postgraduate student, Department of Phytobiology of the Academy of Bioresources and Nature Management of the “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”.
5. Kirilenko Natalya Gennadievna, Applicant, Junior Researcher, Department of Phytobiology of the Academy of Bioresources and Nature Management of the “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”.
6. Kozyaicheva Darya Nikolaevna, Master student, Department of Phytobiology of the Academy of Bioresources and Nature Management of the “V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University”.