2017, № 66

UDC: 633.111.1:361.95
GSNTI: 68.35.29

Variability of quantitative characters of Triticum aestivum L. and their interrelation under the influence of environmental factors

For three years (2014-2016) It was studied breeding and valuable characters of spring soft wheat in difficult soil and climatic conditions of the Northem Trans-Ural 22 cultivars of different eco-geographical origin (including 9 zoned cultivars) were chosen as the object of the study. The variability of the absolute values of quantitative characteristics by the years of study was determined. The highest coefficients of variation were found for the mass of grain from the ear (an average of 22±5% for different varieties). The location of cultivars relative to each other (a rank) in terms of the number of characters varied from year to year insignificantly. The highest conjugation of the obtained results was established for the next signs: the number of spikelets in the ear (r = 0,88-0,90), the length of the ear (r = 0,80-0,92), the number of grains in it (r = 0,74-0,84), the mass of 1000 grains (r = 0,66-0,78). Varieties with the maximum and minimum values of economically valuable characters are singled out. The relationship between characters is shown. In the sample cultivars studied, the length of the stem positively correlated with a mass of 1000 grains and negatively with the grain content of the ear. Annually, there were positive correlations of the surface area of the two upper leaves with the length of the ear and the number of spikelets in the ear. Compensatory capabilities of wheat manifested in the feedbacks between characters: the number of plants per 1 m2 and the number of productive shoots per plant: number of plants per 1 m2 and number of productive shoots per plant; number of productive shoots per plant and the number of spikelets in the ear; number of productive shoots per 1 m2 and the number of grains in the ear; the number of grains in the ear and the mass of 1000 grains.
Keywords: Wheat soft spring, cultivar, quantitative characters, Northern Trans-Urals
DOI: 10.21515/1999-1703-66-106-109

References:

Ripberger, E. I. Variation in the plant height of spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) hybrid forms under different ecological and geographical conditions / E. I. Ripberger, N. A. Bome, D. Trautz // Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research. - 2016. - № 3 (6). - P. 258-263.
Сапега, В. А. Урожайность и параметры стабильности сортов зерновых культур / В. А. Сапега, Г. Ш. Турсумбекова, С. В. Сапега // Достижения науки и техники АПК. - 2012. - № 10. - С. 22-26.

Authors:

Zemtsova Elena Sergeevna, research assistant, graduate student, Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station, Tyumen State University.
Bome Nina Anatolievna, Dsc of agricultural Sci., Professor, Head Department of Botany, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Tyumen State University.
Novohatin Vladimir Vasilyevich, PhD of Agronomy, Honored Agronomist of the Russian Federation, Head of the Selection Center, Head of the Laboratory of Selection of Wheat, Research Institute of Agriculture of the Northern Trans-Urals.