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2016, № 60

UDC: 631.524:633.11
GSNTI: 68.35.03

Eincorn (Triticum monococcum L.) as donor of valuable traits

The interest in the nutritional characteristics of foodstuffs is growing, they must have health properties and prevent the emergence of various diseases. Cultural einkorn (Triticum monococcum) is regarded as a highly grass, especially rich in protein and antioxidants. The einkorn genome mapping is important for the selective introgression of desirable traits from the A-genome of diploid wheat to hexaploid wheat. Einkorn also can be used to study the genetic variation of the hardness of grain, which will allow to work on this indicator in polyploid wheat species. A great variety of electrophoretic profiles of storage proteins in T. monococcum grains and a high level of diversity of ω-gliadins and low-molecular glutenins can provide a new source for breeders to improve the signs of bread wheat. There are a few examples where T. monococcum used to improve various kinds of characteristics in polyploid wheat. For example, the baking properties were enhanced by the introgression of genes from T. boeoticum and T. monococcum, coding for the high-molecular glutenin synthesis. Introduction of additional copies of genes Pina and Pinb from T. monococcum to the variety Chinese Spring led to a significantly softer grains, improving thereby the properties required for the preparation of confectionery products. Different genetic loci have been transferred to hexaploid triticale and wheat for resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew, prevent pre-harvest sprouting and improving the efficiency of zinc revenues.
Keywords: Triticum monococcum, valuable traits, donor of genetic materials

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Authors:

1. Tretyakova Polina Yakovlevna, PhD student, Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University.
2. Cherednichenko Mikhail Yuryevich, PhD in Biotechnology, associate professor, Department of Genetics, Biotechnology, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University.