Труды Кубанского государственного аграрного университета


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2016, № 59

UDC: 633.63:631.52
GSNTI: 06.75.10

Disease incidence and necessity to develop sugar beet high-productive competitive hybrids resistant to diseases and herbicides

Main directions of sugar beet breeding are presented that include fundamental and applied studies, methodology, disease affection and necessity to develop and use gene pool, starting and breeding materials, as well as components and hybrids adapted for different beet growing areas, competitive, high-productive and resistant to diseases and herbicides. Diploid monogerm and multigerm as well as tetraploid multigerm accessions, samples of yield-directionbreeding beet, fertile and male sterile lines of domesticsugar beet developed in Ramon and otherplacesservedas starting material for the studies. One of the most advantageous methods to increase beet productivity is to use heterosiseffectbased on sterility and incompatibility phenomena in practice. Scientific researches of previous years and 2015 were concentrated on development of methods to produceresistant starting and breeding materialsbased on principles of intergene and interallelic complementation, nanobiotechnology, mutagenesis, gene engineering, development of genetics, transfer of hereditary information by nonconventional methods, etc. Affection of seed-bearing plants by herbicides of the 2,4-D typewas assessed, and plantsresistant to them as well as hybrid combinations resistant tovirus and bacterial diseasesduring first year of beet life were selected. In reproduction nursery where disease incidence was assessed, two accessions that were not affected by virus yellows, and three accessions of diploid multigerm sugar beet that were not affected by wilting were detected. High combining ability of sterile forms and high productivity and competitiveness of the produced components of monogerm and multigerm hybrids during our institute laboratory and international studieswasnoted.
Keywords: Biology, genetics, breeding, seed-growing, taxonomy, ecology, diseases, herbicides

References:

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Authors:

  1. Kornienko Anatoly Vasilievich, d-r of agricultural Sciences, senior researcher, head of laboratory of plant breeding of sugar beets in the fertile basis, VNIIS, Professor, corresponding member. Russian Academy of Sciences; academician EA, academician of IIA, member of the IIRB, foreign member of the Academy of NAAS of Ukraine, honoured science worker of RF, honored worker of agriculture of the Russian Federation, All-Russian research Institute of sugar and sugar beet named after A. L. Mazlumov.
  2. Skachkov Sergey Ivanovich, senior researcher, All-Russian research Institute of sugar and sugar beet named after A. L. Mazlumov.
  3. Semenikhina Lydiya Valentinovna, senior programmer, Junior researcher, All-Russian research Institute of sugar and sugar beet named after A. L. Mazlumov.
  4. Melnikov Yury Nikolaevich, Junior researcher, All-Russian research Institute of sugar and sugar beet named after A. L. Mazlumov.
  5. Bartenev Liliya Sergeevna, Junior researcher, All-Russian research Institute of sugar and sugar beet named after A. L. Mazlumov.