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2016, № 59

UDC: 634.2:631.526.32:631.17(470.6)
GSNTI: 68.35.53

Improvements in range and technology of cultivation of stone fruit in the south of Russia

The increase in fruit production of stone fruit crops requires improving their range and cultivation technologies. Scientists have done a lot of work in the region, will replace local and introduced varieties of these crops. Of the 231 recognized varieties designated in the State Register for the sixth region 192 varieties are new varieties of domestic breeding. On Krymsk EBS is working on the selection of varieties and rootstocks of stone fruits. With the use of the gene pool of species and varieties of stone fruit plants, numbering more than 5,000 genotypes, bred new varieties, 50 of them are included in the State Register of selection achievements of the Russian Federation, approved for use. Especially valuable drying varieties plum: Kubanskaya legenda, Ballada etc.; large-fruited varieties of cherries: Alay, Kavkazskaya, Amulet etc.; plum Russian: Kubanskaya kometa, Globus, Gek etc.; hardy peach: Pamyat’ Simirenko, Raduzhnyi and dwarf clonal rootstocks: VVA-1, VSL-2, Kuban-86, LC-52 and others. New varieties bred in the south of Russia, characterized by resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, early appearance of fruit, productivity and high quality fruits, not inferior to foreign analogues. This makes it possible to eliminate Russia's dependence on the importation of fruits and seedlings of fruit crops from abroad, greatly enrich the assortment of fruit production, to expand the area of industrial cultivation of fruit crops varieties. On the basis of new varieties and rootstocks developed technology of cultivation and breeding of stone fruit trees.
Keywords: Variety, rootstocks, technology, stone fruits, selection, reproduction

References:

1. Еремин, В. Г. Клоновые подвои косточковых культур для интенсивных садов юга России / В. Г. Еремин, Г. В. Еремин // Садоводство и виноградарство. - 2014. - № 6. - С. 24-29.
2. Еремин, В. Г. Зарубежное испытание клоновых подвоев косточковых плодовых культур селекции Крымской ОСС, созданных на основе отечественных генетических ресурсов / В. Г. Еремин, Г. В. Еремин // Труды Кубанского государственного аграрного университета. - 2015. - Вып. 4 (55). - С. 68-72.
3. Еремин, Г. В. Основные направления селекции плодовых культур на Северном Кавказе / Г. В. Еремин, А. П. Луговской, Е. В. Ульяновская // Современные методологические аспекты организации селекционного процесса в садоводстве и виноградарстве. - Краснодар, 2012. - С. 233-267.
4. Еремин, Г. В. Особенности выращивания саженцев косточковых культур на клоновых подвоях / Г. В. Еремин, Р. М. Сафаров // Современное состояние питомниководства и инновационные основы его развития : мат. Междунар. науч.-практ. конф., посвящ. 100-летию со дня рожд. д-ра с.-х. наук С. Н. Степанова (г. Мичуринск, 21-23 апреля 2015 г.). - Воронеж, 2015. - С. 105-109.

Authors:

1. Eremin Victor Gennadievich, Dr. of agr. Sciences, Director, Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch.
2. Eremin Gennady Victorovich, Dr. of agr. Sciences, Academician, Professor, Head of the Department of genetic resources and breeding of fruit crops, Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch.