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2016, № 58

UDC: 633.36/37
GSNTI: 68.35.31

The results of new bean plant, guar, introduction (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L) Taub)

The article is devoted to current problem - a replacement of plant products, in particular-guar gumdue to the introduction of the new for the Russian Federation leguminous crop - (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub). The aim of the article is familiarization of the interested persons with the results of guar introduction in the south of Russia. There is the description of morphobiological characteristics and properties, results of agronomic and breeding experiments with guar in the article. They have established the optimal term of guar sowing - the second half of May. The authors of the work emphasize two morphological type plants - branched and single-stemmed. For each of them preliminary estimated ranges of plants standing density have been established with the aim of maximizing the yield of seeds - correspondingly: 200-250 and 250-300 thousand plants per hectare. Because of breeding work the breeding material with the valuable characteristics and properties have been obtained: seed productivity, lodging resistance, height of attachment of lower beans on the stalk and others. The yield of seeds of the best numbers when testing has exceeded 24 quintals per hectare. The limiting factors of increasing crop yield have been identified: temperature and soil moisture at the time of sowinganddefeat of plants by Alternaria rot and bacterial. The authors offer advanced technical equipment for sowing and threshing of plants taking into account of morphological features of seeds and stems of guar. The design of the seeder allow implementing the placement of seeds in rows within 6-12 centimeters. When harvest moisture 30% of plants have durable stemthreshing of what the proposed device was impractical because of low durable qualities of threshing drum’s materials. In this regard, it was offered an additional technological operation of beans’ separation from the stalk by towing ones by modernizedthresher. In conclusion it is done the inference about the expediency ofresearch extension on a new culture in the regions with suitable for guar soil and climatic conditions.
Keywords: Agronomy, guar, gum, soil, plant, seed productivity, technique, cyamopsis

References:

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Authors:

1. Voloshin Mikhail Ivanovich, Dr agricultural sciences, consultant Agroholding "Kuban", Kuban State Agrarian University.
2. Brusentsov Anatoly Sergeyevich, kan. tech. sciences, .